Reception of the clergy ordained by the heterodox in the Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch with special reference to the Anglican Holy Orders

Abstract

The Syriac Orthodox Church’s recognition of heterodox sacraments hinges on the validity of their baptism. Historically, oikonomia (ecclesiastical flexibility) allowed for accepting certain sacraments from heretical groups, while akribeia (strict adherence to canon law) was less common. Councils and Fathers distinguished between heretics, schismatics, and unlawful groups, applying these principles variably. Modernly, the Church recognizes Catholic and Byzantine baptisms but not Anglican holy orders due to doctrinal differences. Recent shifts in Anglicanism, perceived as deviations from biblical and apostolic traditions, may prompt a return to akribeia, reconsidering Anglican baptism recognition. Thus, while oikonomia historically guided heterodox sacrament acceptance, increasing theological divergence within Anglicanism could lead to a stricter approach, affecting future Anglican baptism recognition.