Keywords
COVID-19
edentulism
access to oral healthcare
oral health
OHRQoL
malnutrition
edentulism
access to oral healthcare
oral health
OHRQoL
malnutrition
How to Cite
JABER, H., HADDAD, E., ABI GHOSN YARED, C., FAKHOURI, J., & EL OSTA, N. (2022). Oral Health Of Completely Edentulous Patients During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Its Impact On Their Nutritional Status: A Pilot Study. International Arab Journal of Dentistry (IAJD), 13(2), 75-89. Retrieved from https://journals.usj.edu.lb/iajd/article/view/737
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, declared by the WHO on May 2020, has forced governments around the world to adapt several restrictive measures causing difficulties of access to oral healthcare. In Lebanon, a lack of data on these difficulties and their consequences for completely edentulous people prompted the realization of a pilot study evaluating the impact of this pandemic on access to oral healthcare and on the oral health status, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and nutritional status of these individuals. The study was conducted at the Removable Prosthetics Department of the Faculty of Dentistry at Saint-Joseph University of Beirut through a personal interview including the use of the Arabic versions of the ADL, OHIP-EDENT and MNA questionnaires, followed by a clinical examination. Data collection from 17 completely edentulous subjects showed high difficulty in accessing oral healthcare and negative repercussions on their oral health, OHRQoL and nutrition.
References
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24. El Osta N, El Osta L, Khabbaz LR et coll. Social inequalities in oral health in a group of older people in a Middle Eastern country: a cross-sectional survey. Aging clinical and experimental research. 2018 Dec;30(12):1513-21.
25. Divaris K, Ntounis A, Marinis A, Polyzois G, Polychronopoulou A. Loss of natural dentition: multi‐level effects among a geriatric population. Gerodontology. 2012 Jun;29(2):e192-9.
26. Donovan TE, Derbabian K, Kaneko L, Wright R. Esthetic considerations in removable prosthodontics. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2001 Jul;13(4):241-53.
27. Piampring P. Problems with complete dentures and related factors in patients in Rajavithi hospital from 2007 to 2012. J Med Assoc Thai. 2016 Feb 1;99(Suppl 2):182-7.
28. Allen PF, McMillan AS. A longitudinal study of quality-of-life outcomes in older adults requesting implant prostheses and complete removable dentures. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2003 Apr;14(2):173-9.
29. Özkan YK. Long-Term Problems with Complete Dentures. InComplete Denture Prosthodontics 2018 (pp. 197-210). Springer, Cham.
30. Rodakowska E, Baginska J, Cylwik-Rokicka D, Jamiolkowski J. Towards Better Understanding of OHRQoL in Edentulous Patients. Iranian journal of public health. 2016 Apr 27;45(4):546-8.
31. United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General, National Institute of Dental, Craniofacial Research (US). Oral health in America: a report of the Surgeon General. US Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services; 2000.
32. Locker D, Jokovic A, Tompson B. Health-related quality of life of children aged 11 to 14 years with orofacial conditions. The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal. 2005 May;42(3):260-6.
33. Samuel SR, Kuduruthullah S, Al Shayeb M et coll. Impact of pain, psychological-distress, SARS-CoV2 fear on adults’ OHRQOL during COVID-19 pandemic. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021 Jan 1;28(1):492-4.
34. Katz S, Ford AB, Moskowitz RW, Jackson BA, Jaffe MW. Studies of illness in the aged: the index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. jama. 1963 Sep 21;185(12):914-9.
35. El Osta N, Haddad E, Fakhouri J, Saad R, El Osta L. Comparison of psychometric properties of GOHAI, OHIP-14, and OHIP-EDENT as measures of oral health in complete edentulous patients aged 60 years and more. Quality of Life Research. 2021 Apr;30(4):1199-213.
36. Vellas B, Villars H, Abellan G et coll. Overview of the MNA®-Its history and challenges. Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging. 2006 Nov 1;10(6):456.
37. Johnson N, Barion A, Rademaker A, Rehkemper G, Weintraub S. The Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire: a validation study in patients with dementia. Alzheimer disease & associated disorders. 2004 Oct 1;18(4):223-30.
38. Allen F, Locker D. A modified short version of the oral health impact profile for assessing health-related quality of life in edentulous adults. International Journal of Prosthodontics. 2002 Sep 1;15(5).
39. Pleasure MA. Correct vertical dimension and freeway space. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 1951 Aug 1;43(2):160-3.
40. Lorenc T, Oliver K. Adverse effects of public health interventions: a conceptual framework. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014 Mar 1;68(3):288-90.
41. Paszynska E, Cofta S, Hernik A et coll. Self-Reported Dietary Choices and Oral Health Care Needs during COVID-19 Quarantine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2022 Jan;14(2):313.
42. Phadraig CM, van Harten MT, Diniz-Freitas M et coll. The impact of COVID-19 on access to dental care for people with disabilities: a global survey during the COVID-19 first wave lockdown. Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 2021 Nov;26(6):e770.
43. González-Olmo MJ, Ortega-Martínez AR, Delgado-Ramos B, Romero-Maroto M, Carrillo-Diaz M. Perceived vulnerability to Coronavirus infection: impact on dental practice. Brazilian Oral Research. 2020 May 8;34.
44. González-Olmo MJ, Delgado-Ramos B, Ortega-Martínez AR, Romero-Maroto M, Carrillo-Díaz M. Fear of COVID-19 in Madrid. Will patients avoid dental care?. International dental journal. 2022 Feb 1;72(1):76-82.
45. Marchini L, Ettinger RL. COVID‐19 pandemics and oral health care for older adults. Special Care in Dentistry. 2020 May;40(3):329.
46. Weber S, Hahnel S, Nitschke I, Schierz O, Rauch A. Older Seniors during the COVID-19 Pandemic—Social Support and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. InHealthcare 2021 Sep (Vol. 9, No. 9, p. 1177). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
47. León S, Giacaman RA. COVID-19 and inequities in oral health care for older people: an opportunity for emerging paradigms. JDR Clinical & Translational Research. 2020 Oct;5(4):290-2.
48. Sari A, Bilmez ZY. Effects of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Fear on Oral Health Status. Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. 2021 Jan 1;19(1):411-23.
49. Soini H, Muurinen S, Routasalo P et coll. Oral and nutritional status-is the MNA® a useful tool for dental clinics. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH AND AGING. 2006 Nov 1;10(6):495.
50. El Osta N, Hennequin M, Tubert-Jeannin S, Naaman NB, El Osta L, Geahchan N. The pertinence of oral health indicators in nutritional studies in the elderly. Clinical nutrition. 2014 Apr 1;33(2):316-21.
51. Poisson P, Laffond T, Campos S, Dupuis V, Bourdel‐Marchasson I. Relationships between oral health, dysphagia and undernutrition in hospitalised elderly patients. Gerodontology. 2016 Jun;33(2):161-8.
52. Tables AE, Andrade SM, Cabrera MA, Bueno VL. Oral health status and nutritional deficit in noninstitutionalized older adults in Londrina, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Epidemiology. 2010Sep;13(3):434-45.
53. Iizumi H, Amemiya T. Eleven-year follow-up of changes in individuals' food consumption patterns. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin-und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International de Vitaminologie et de Nutrition. 1986 Jan 1;56(4):399-409.
54. Hussein S, Kantawalla RF, Dickie S, Suarez-Durall P, Enciso R, Mulligan R. Association of Oral Health and Mini Nutritional Assessment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-analyses. Journal of Prosthodontic Research. 2021:JPR_D_20_00207.
55. El Hélou M, Boulos C, Adib SM, Tabbal N. Relationship between oral health and nutritional status in the elderly: A pilot study in Lebanon. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2014 Sep 1;5(3):91-5.
56. Samaranayake L, Fakhruddin KS. COVID-19 vaccines and dentistry. Dental Update. 2021 Jan 1;48(1):76-81.
57. Lal A, Saeed S, Ahmed N et coll. Comparison of Dental Anxiety While Visiting Dental Clinics before and after Getting Vaccinated in Midst of COVID-19 Pandemic. Vaccines. 2022 Jan;10(1):115.
58. Ambroise B, Benateau H, Garmi R, Hauchard K, Prevost R, Veyssière A. The role of telemedicine in the management of maxillofacial trauma in emergency departments–preliminary results. Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2019 Apr 1;120(2):95-8.
59. Khan SA, Omar H. Teledentistry in practice: literature review. Telemedicine and e-Health. 2013 Jul 1;19(7):565-7.
60. Ilhan B, Bayrakdar IS, Baydar O, Guneri P. Is It Time to Consider Implementation of Telemedicine in Current Oral Health Care Services?. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness. 2021 Jan 1:1-2.
2. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020 [internet]. [cited 11 march 2020]. Available from : https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020
3. Khanna RC, Cicinelli MV, Gilbert SS, Honavar SG, Murthy GV. COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons learned and future directions. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. 2020 May;68(5):703.
4. Lorenc T, Oliver K. Adverse effects of public health interventions: a conceptual framework. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014 Mar 1;68(3):288-90.
5. Ahmed MA, Jouhar R, Ahmed N et coll. Fear and practice modifications among dentists to combat novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020 Jan;17(8):2821.
6. Ather A, Patel B, Ruparel NB, Diogenes A, Hargreaves KM. Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19): implications for clinical dental care. Journal of endodontics. 2020 May 1;46(5):584-95.
7. Responsibilities of the Dentist under Lebanese Law No. 487 issued on 12/2/2002. Official Gazette No./69/date19/12/2002,p.7448. (in Arabic)
8. Law of Communicable Diseases in Lebanon, Promulgated on 31/12/1957. Official Gazette No./2/dated 8/1/1958,p.7-11. (in Arabic)
9. Elzein R, Husseini H, Jassar H et coll. Legal liability facing COVID-19 in dentistry: Between malpractice and preventive recommendations. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2021 Jan 24:102123.
10. Fontanet A, Autran B, Lina B, Kieny MP, Karim SS, Sridhar D. SARS-CoV-2 variants and ending the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet. 2021 Mar 13;397(10278):952-4.
11. Hemmer CJ, Löbermann M, Reisinger EC. COVID-19: Epidemiologie und Mutationen. Der Radiologe. 2021 Oct;61(10):880-7.
12. Plante JA, Mitchell BM, Plante KS, Debbink K, Weaver SC, Menachery VD. The variant gambit: COVID-19’s next move. Cell host & microbe. 2021 Apr 14;29(4):508-15.
13. Editorial Team. Updated rapid risk assessment from ECDC on the risk related to the spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in the EU/EEA–first update. Eurosurveillance. 2021 Jan 21;26(3):2101211.
14. World Health Organization (WHO). The current COVID-19 situation, Overview of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by date [internet]. [cited 3 february 2022]. Available from : https://www.who.int/countries/lbn/
15. World Health Organization. Considerations for implementing and adjusting public health and social measures in the context of COVID-19: Interim guidance, 14 June 2021. World Health Organization; 2021.
16. Stennett M, Tsakos G. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on oral health inequalities and access to oral healthcare in England. British dental journal. 2022 Jan;232(2):109-14.
17. Bizri AR, Khachfe HH, Fares MY, Musharrafieh U. COVID-19 pandemic: an insult over injury for Lebanon. Journal of Community Health. 2021 Jun;46(3):487-93.
18. Daly J, Black EA. The impact of COVID-19 on population oral health. Community Dent Health. 2020 Nov 30;37(4):236-8.
19. FARHAT MCHAYLEH N, El-Osta N, Sleiman R, Tannous J, Tohme H, TOHMÉ P. Statut bucco-dentaire au sein d’une population gériatrique libanaise: étude pilote. International Arab Journal of Dentistry. 2011;2(2):3.
20. Cohen C, Tabarly P, Hourcade S, Kirchner-Bianchi C, Hennequin M. Oral hygiene for the institutionalized elderly. Presse medicale (Paris, France: 1983). 2006 Nov 1;35(11 Pt 1):1639-48.
21. Lundberg A, Hillebrecht AL, McKenna G, Srinivasan M. COVID‐19: Impacts on oral healthcare delivery in dependent older adults. Gerodontology. 2021 Jun;38(2):174-8.
22. Petersen PE. The World Oral Health Report 2003: continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century–the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme. Community Dentistry and oral epidemiology. 2003 Dec;31:3-24.
23. El Osta N, Tubert S, Naaman N, Hennequin M, El Osta L, Geahchan N. Oral and general health indicators for Lebanese elderly in oral surveys. International Arab Journal of Dentistry. 2012 Jun 13;3(2).
24. El Osta N, El Osta L, Khabbaz LR et coll. Social inequalities in oral health in a group of older people in a Middle Eastern country: a cross-sectional survey. Aging clinical and experimental research. 2018 Dec;30(12):1513-21.
25. Divaris K, Ntounis A, Marinis A, Polyzois G, Polychronopoulou A. Loss of natural dentition: multi‐level effects among a geriatric population. Gerodontology. 2012 Jun;29(2):e192-9.
26. Donovan TE, Derbabian K, Kaneko L, Wright R. Esthetic considerations in removable prosthodontics. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry. 2001 Jul;13(4):241-53.
27. Piampring P. Problems with complete dentures and related factors in patients in Rajavithi hospital from 2007 to 2012. J Med Assoc Thai. 2016 Feb 1;99(Suppl 2):182-7.
28. Allen PF, McMillan AS. A longitudinal study of quality-of-life outcomes in older adults requesting implant prostheses and complete removable dentures. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2003 Apr;14(2):173-9.
29. Özkan YK. Long-Term Problems with Complete Dentures. InComplete Denture Prosthodontics 2018 (pp. 197-210). Springer, Cham.
30. Rodakowska E, Baginska J, Cylwik-Rokicka D, Jamiolkowski J. Towards Better Understanding of OHRQoL in Edentulous Patients. Iranian journal of public health. 2016 Apr 27;45(4):546-8.
31. United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General, National Institute of Dental, Craniofacial Research (US). Oral health in America: a report of the Surgeon General. US Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services; 2000.
32. Locker D, Jokovic A, Tompson B. Health-related quality of life of children aged 11 to 14 years with orofacial conditions. The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal. 2005 May;42(3):260-6.
33. Samuel SR, Kuduruthullah S, Al Shayeb M et coll. Impact of pain, psychological-distress, SARS-CoV2 fear on adults’ OHRQOL during COVID-19 pandemic. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021 Jan 1;28(1):492-4.
34. Katz S, Ford AB, Moskowitz RW, Jackson BA, Jaffe MW. Studies of illness in the aged: the index of ADL: a standardized measure of biological and psychosocial function. jama. 1963 Sep 21;185(12):914-9.
35. El Osta N, Haddad E, Fakhouri J, Saad R, El Osta L. Comparison of psychometric properties of GOHAI, OHIP-14, and OHIP-EDENT as measures of oral health in complete edentulous patients aged 60 years and more. Quality of Life Research. 2021 Apr;30(4):1199-213.
36. Vellas B, Villars H, Abellan G et coll. Overview of the MNA®-Its history and challenges. Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging. 2006 Nov 1;10(6):456.
37. Johnson N, Barion A, Rademaker A, Rehkemper G, Weintraub S. The Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire: a validation study in patients with dementia. Alzheimer disease & associated disorders. 2004 Oct 1;18(4):223-30.
38. Allen F, Locker D. A modified short version of the oral health impact profile for assessing health-related quality of life in edentulous adults. International Journal of Prosthodontics. 2002 Sep 1;15(5).
39. Pleasure MA. Correct vertical dimension and freeway space. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 1951 Aug 1;43(2):160-3.
40. Lorenc T, Oliver K. Adverse effects of public health interventions: a conceptual framework. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014 Mar 1;68(3):288-90.
41. Paszynska E, Cofta S, Hernik A et coll. Self-Reported Dietary Choices and Oral Health Care Needs during COVID-19 Quarantine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2022 Jan;14(2):313.
42. Phadraig CM, van Harten MT, Diniz-Freitas M et coll. The impact of COVID-19 on access to dental care for people with disabilities: a global survey during the COVID-19 first wave lockdown. Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal. 2021 Nov;26(6):e770.
43. González-Olmo MJ, Ortega-Martínez AR, Delgado-Ramos B, Romero-Maroto M, Carrillo-Diaz M. Perceived vulnerability to Coronavirus infection: impact on dental practice. Brazilian Oral Research. 2020 May 8;34.
44. González-Olmo MJ, Delgado-Ramos B, Ortega-Martínez AR, Romero-Maroto M, Carrillo-Díaz M. Fear of COVID-19 in Madrid. Will patients avoid dental care?. International dental journal. 2022 Feb 1;72(1):76-82.
45. Marchini L, Ettinger RL. COVID‐19 pandemics and oral health care for older adults. Special Care in Dentistry. 2020 May;40(3):329.
46. Weber S, Hahnel S, Nitschke I, Schierz O, Rauch A. Older Seniors during the COVID-19 Pandemic—Social Support and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life. InHealthcare 2021 Sep (Vol. 9, No. 9, p. 1177). Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute.
47. León S, Giacaman RA. COVID-19 and inequities in oral health care for older people: an opportunity for emerging paradigms. JDR Clinical & Translational Research. 2020 Oct;5(4):290-2.
48. Sari A, Bilmez ZY. Effects of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Fear on Oral Health Status. Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry. 2021 Jan 1;19(1):411-23.
49. Soini H, Muurinen S, Routasalo P et coll. Oral and nutritional status-is the MNA® a useful tool for dental clinics. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH AND AGING. 2006 Nov 1;10(6):495.
50. El Osta N, Hennequin M, Tubert-Jeannin S, Naaman NB, El Osta L, Geahchan N. The pertinence of oral health indicators in nutritional studies in the elderly. Clinical nutrition. 2014 Apr 1;33(2):316-21.
51. Poisson P, Laffond T, Campos S, Dupuis V, Bourdel‐Marchasson I. Relationships between oral health, dysphagia and undernutrition in hospitalised elderly patients. Gerodontology. 2016 Jun;33(2):161-8.
52. Tables AE, Andrade SM, Cabrera MA, Bueno VL. Oral health status and nutritional deficit in noninstitutionalized older adults in Londrina, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Epidemiology. 2010Sep;13(3):434-45.
53. Iizumi H, Amemiya T. Eleven-year follow-up of changes in individuals' food consumption patterns. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin-und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal International de Vitaminologie et de Nutrition. 1986 Jan 1;56(4):399-409.
54. Hussein S, Kantawalla RF, Dickie S, Suarez-Durall P, Enciso R, Mulligan R. Association of Oral Health and Mini Nutritional Assessment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review with Meta-analyses. Journal of Prosthodontic Research. 2021:JPR_D_20_00207.
55. El Hélou M, Boulos C, Adib SM, Tabbal N. Relationship between oral health and nutritional status in the elderly: A pilot study in Lebanon. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2014 Sep 1;5(3):91-5.
56. Samaranayake L, Fakhruddin KS. COVID-19 vaccines and dentistry. Dental Update. 2021 Jan 1;48(1):76-81.
57. Lal A, Saeed S, Ahmed N et coll. Comparison of Dental Anxiety While Visiting Dental Clinics before and after Getting Vaccinated in Midst of COVID-19 Pandemic. Vaccines. 2022 Jan;10(1):115.
58. Ambroise B, Benateau H, Garmi R, Hauchard K, Prevost R, Veyssière A. The role of telemedicine in the management of maxillofacial trauma in emergency departments–preliminary results. Journal of stomatology, oral and maxillofacial surgery. 2019 Apr 1;120(2):95-8.
59. Khan SA, Omar H. Teledentistry in practice: literature review. Telemedicine and e-Health. 2013 Jul 1;19(7):565-7.
60. Ilhan B, Bayrakdar IS, Baydar O, Guneri P. Is It Time to Consider Implementation of Telemedicine in Current Oral Health Care Services?. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness. 2021 Jan 1:1-2.