International Arab Journal of Dentistry (IAJD)

Correlating the consequences of untreated dental caries (PUFA/pufa scores) and body mass index related to age in a group of Egyptian children: a correlation study

Hani Abdulwahab ALATTALLAH, Dalia MOHEB — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between dental caries and its consequences in terms of pulp involvement, ulceration, fistula, abscess utilizing (PUFA/pufa) indices and specific Body Mass Index (BMI) with reference to age in a group of Egyptian Children.

Methods: A total of 201 children (101 female and 100 male) from Pediatric Dentistry Department in Cairo University having PUFA/pufa ≥1 were included. PUFA/pufa index was used according to the standard procedure to assess the consequence of untreated dental decay. The height and weight of the children were determined using standardized scales. The BMI percentile was computed using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts.

Results: The correlation between PUFA/pufa and body mass index (BMI) showed no significance correlation (P = 0.740). The correlation between PUFA/pufa scores and BMI in reference to gender also showed no significance correlation. However, the correlation between pufa and BMI percentile group showed positive correlation (P=0.405).

Conclusions: The result show High prevalence of untreated dental caries between children. The younger children have positive correlation between pufa scores and BMI as compared with older children.

Analysis of nutritional supplements and their efficacy in extraction socket healing in patients undergoing orthodontic extraction of maxillary premolar – A split-mouth Study

Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Nutritional supplements have been known to play an effective role in wound healing. Lack of nutrition has been linked to a decline in wound tensile strength and increased infection rates. The present study aims to compare and evaluate the efficacy of nutritional supplements on the healing of the socket in patients undergoing bilateral maxillary first premolar extraction.

Methods: This prospective split-mouth trial includes twenty patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and requiring bilateral maxillary first premolars extraction. They were split into two groups: ‘Group 14’ received only analgesics, while ‘Group 24’ received analgesics and additional supplements of multivitamins and minerals. Both the groups underwent extractions at the gap of one month in which ‘14’ was extracted prior to ‘24’ and socket dimensions, Buccolingual width (B), Mesiodistal width (M), and Depth (D) were measured on the day of extraction, day seven and day twenty-one to assess healing.

Results: In this study, 20 patients were split into ‘Group 14’ (no supplements) and ‘Group 24’ (with supplements). The patients, 10 males and 10 females had an average age of 18.20 ± 3.23 years. ‘Group 24’ had a slight reduction in M width on day seven and a slight reduction in B width on day twenty-one when compared to ‘Group 14’. However, no values were statistically significant.

Conclusions: The study shows that nutritional supplements led to slight socket healing improvement, but this wasn’t statistically significant. It recommends nutrient-rich diets for healing, alongside balanced nutrition, oral hygiene, and advice post-operative instructions.

Knowledge, attitude and clinical management of Orthodontically – Induced external root resorption among Lebanese Orthodontists

Diana Chehab FAKIH , Ahmad Said TARABAIH, Aly Essam OSSMAN — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and clinical management orthodontically induced external root resorption (OIERR) among Lebanese orthodontists of varying years of experience.

Methods: An online validated survey of 22 questions regarding OIERR was done among a randomly selected registered sample of 145 male and female Lebanese orthodontists.

Results: Significant differences were found among orthodontists with different years of experience for: the factors leading to further investigation, the stage at which additional screening measures were taken, the periodic follow up assessment method, and the clinical management in case of generalized root loss of one-third or more than 4 mm, with p-values 0.035, 0.001, 0.007 and 0.024 respectively.

Conclusions: Lebanese orthodontists had knowledge on potential risk factors, screening methods and period for OIERR. Those with more experience should depend on evidence based literature for clinical management of OIERR

Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of topical ozonated olive oil and topical chlorohexidine gluconate in the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Prasanna R. SONAR , Aarati S. PANCHBHAI , Anil Govindrao GHOM , Sudhir DOLE — Wed, 08 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Aphthous ulcers are painful and may significantly impact dental hygiene, speech, and eating. the objectives of treatment are to lessen discomfort and to improve healing. Many symptomatic treatment modalities are used for aphthous ulcerations. Topically chlorhexidine gluconate is used most commonly in these ulcerations.

Aims: The study aimed to compare the efficacy of topical ozonated olive oil and topical chlorhexidine gluconate in the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

Methods: This randomized single-blinded study was done with 20 participants who were split into the chlorhexidine gluconate group and the ozonated olive oil group. Treatment response was assessed by measures of pain reduction, erythema reduction, and ulcer duration on the 2nd, 4th, and 6th day. SPSS version 21 was used to conduct the statistical analysis.

Results: The ozonated oil group indicated a significant decrease in pain and erythema on day 2 and day 4. There was no pain and erythema on day 6 in the ozonated olive oil group.

The horizontal ridge augmentation using equine xenograft and the cortical lamina: A clinical, radiographic and histological prospective Study

Sarah KHALIL , Nabil GHOSN , Nadim MOKBEL , Carole CHAKAR — Wed, 08 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Bone regenerations are common procedures used to restore the required bone width or height for adequate implant placement. Among the wide variety of materials developed for this purpose, the soft collagenated porcine membrane known as cortical lamina (OsteoBiol® Lamina, Tecnoss®, Giaveno, Italy) has provided promising clinical and histological results. It was used along with equine-derived bone particles (OsteoBiol® Gen-Os®, Tecnoss®, Giaveno, Italy) in a series of horizontal bone augmentations to clinically, radiologically and histologically evaluate the lateral bone augmentation, and to measure the vertical gain, if present, at the site of implant placement.

Methods: Fifteen healthy patients with ridges < 4mm needing implant placement were included. The area was augmented using equine bone and the cortical lamina was immobilised using fixation screws. Six months later, at implant placement, a biopsy was taken for non-demineralised histology. Radiological superimposition of the pre and post-operative CBCT scans was made to calculate the radiological bone gain at the site of implant placement. Bone gain was also studied using histomorphometrical analysis.

Results: At 6 months, implant placement was possible in all cases except one, where a total of 26 implants were placed in 14 patients. CBCT superimposition showed that the mean horizontal width had increased significantly at the level 0 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm of the implant sites. Histology showed signs of bone remodelling and vital bone formation. Histomorphometric results showed a higher bone percentage in the deep part of the biopsy compared to the superficial one.

Conclusions: The porcine cortical lamina membrane used with the equine xenograft particles seems to be a promising technique for the horizontal bone augmentation. Randomized controlled clinical trials are still needed to evaluate the superiority of this membrane compared to the conventional regeneration techniques along with long term follow up of the regenerated bone.

Comparative clinical evaluation of efficacy of Biodentine and Bromelain with Biodentine as direct pulp capping materials

Wed, 01 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Biodentine and a combination of bromelain with Biodentine as direct pulp capping materials.

Methods: This clinical study included 26 participants with mature permanent mandibular molars exhibiting deep carious lesions without pulpal exposure. The participants were divided into two groups: Group I received Biodentine alone, while Group II received a combination of bromelain and Biodentine. Clinical and radiographic follow-ups were performed at 1, 3, and 6 months to assess the success rates of the treatment modalities.

Results: The clinical success rate of Biodentine as a direct pulp capping agent was 92% at 1 month, 100% at 3 months, and 92% at 6 months follow-up. The radiographic success rate was 100% at all intervals. The clinical success rate of the bromelain with Biodentine group was 85% at 1 month, 91% at 3 months, and 100% at 6 months, with corresponding radiographic success rates of 92%, 91%, and 100% at the respective intervals. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in success rates between the two groups.

Conclusions: Both Biodentine and the combination of bromelain with Biodentine demonstrated high clinical and radiographic success rates in direct pulp capping. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups, suggesting that bromelain may not provide additional benefits when combined with Biodentine. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is needed to explore the potential of bromelain and other combinations for direct pulp capping. These findings contribute to our understanding of effective materials for vital pulp therapy and guide clinical decision-making in dental practice.

Antimicrobial efficacy of intercanal medicaments against a mature multi-species biofilm model: An Ex-Vivo Study

Nada ZAKARIA , Mohamed Mokhtar NAGY , Soha ELHADY, Shehabeldin SABER — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different antimicrobial agents, including Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, Clindamycin, Metronidazole, Amoxicillin and Clavulanate, Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and Calcium hydroxide (CH), as intra-canal medications for regenerative endodontics against an aged, multispecies ex-vivo biofilm model.

Methods: A total of one hundred fifty single-rooted human teeth were used in this study. Fifteen teeth were used to monitor the formation and maturation of a multispecies biofilm model consisting of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans. After 21 days of incubation, the other one-hundred and thirty-five teeth were divided into 9 equal groups; 7 experimental groups were medicated for one week with either Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, Clindamycin, Metronidazole, Amoxicillin and Clavulanate, Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) or Calcium hydroxide (CH), a positive control group was infected and not medicated, while the negative control group was neither infected nor medicated. After medication removal, bacterial samples were collected in sterile tubes to assess the colony forming unit (CFU) counts, and the effect of the tested drugs on biofilm dissolution was assessed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The scoring was carried out by three blinded calibrated examiners.

Results: The most effective medications were Metronidazole and TAP, with no significant difference between them (p≥0.05), followed by Clindamycin and Ciprofloxacin, with no significant difference between them (p≥0.05), and the least effective were Calcium hydroxide, Doxycycline and Augmentin, with no significant differences between them (p≥0.05). SEM results showed that there was a significant difference between different groups. Metronidazole, TAP, Clindamycin and Cipro floxacin recorded the lowest scores, followed by CH, Doxycycline and Augmentin.

Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that metronidazole and TAP showed better antimicrobial efficacy than other drugs against the studied biofilm model. The multispecies biofilm model is a better indicator of the nature of complex root canal infections than mono-species models.

Correlation of maxillary sinus mucosal thickness with alveolar bone loss using computed tomography

Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Because of close association of roots of maxillary premolars and molars with maxillary sinuses, effect of periodontal bone loss on sinuses needs to be evaluated.

Objective: The current study aimed to analyze relationship between of maxillary sinus mucosal thickening and alveolar bone loss using computed tomography. Methods: All erupted second premolars, first and second molars in the maxillary arch bilaterally, were assessed for periodontal bone loss (PBL), so 12 points in each patient (mesial and distal sides of each tooth) and at same locations, mucosal thickening (MT) was assessed on maxillary sinus floor. Furthermore, probable effect of each tooth pulpoperiapical condition (PPAC) on sinus mucosal thickening was assessed.

Results: The present study consisted of 110 individuals of which CT images of 220 maxillary sinuses and 639 teeth (total 1278 teeth surfaces) were studied. MT was observed in 71.83% of sinus locations showing thickening of 1-3mm in 64.38%, 3.1-6mm, in 14.71%, 6.1-10mm in 11.33%, and >10mm in 9.59% of cases. PBL was observed in 69.01% of teeth surface locations showing mild alveolar bone loss in 69.84%, moderate in 25.06%, and severe in 5.10% of cases. When statistically analyzed, sinus MT was significantly associated with PBL and PPAC but stronger effect of PBL was present.

Conclusions: In our study, observed prevalence of sinus MT was 71.83% and prevalence of periodontitis was 69.01%. Sinus MT was associated significantly with PBL.

Trueness of milled Zirconia versus milled hybrid ceramic Crowns designed for primary teeth restoration compared to the digitally designed filr: An In Vitro Study

Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Stainless Steel Crowns (SSC) are not easily replaced by Zirconia Prefabricated Crowns (ZPC) because of their adaptation problem and risk of fracture and loosening.

Objectives: To assess and compare the trueness of milled zirconia and milled hybrid ceramic crowns designed for primary teeth restoration to a digitally designed file.

Methods: The fourteen extracted primary molars were scanned using an intraoral scanner to obtain digital files of the teeth. The digital files were imported into the Design dental software (TDS) and used to design and mill zirconia and hybrid ceramic crowns using a 4-axis milling machine: 14 zirconia crowns and 14 hybrid ceramic crowns were milled. The milled crowns were fitted onto their corresponding primary molars and evaluated for trueness using Geomagic Control X Software (Control X®, Geomagic, Morrisville, NC, USA). The results were recorded in millimeters.

Results: No significant difference was observed in terms of trueness between the milled zirconia crowns and the milled hybrid ceramic crowns (p>0.05).

Conclusions: Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology and zirconia/ hybrid ceramic materials can be used effectively in the restoration of primary teeth. The use of the hybrid composite material in this technique provides a highly accurate, quick and esthetic solution for pediatric patients, which can improve their oral health and quality of life.

Would access cavity design affect the mechanical behavior of tooth: A Finite Element Study

Muhammad Ashraf ELHUSSEINI , Hala FAYEK KHALIL , Engy Medhat KATAIA — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Two distinct access cavity designs were used to access Two simulated finite element models (FE) Lingual (LAC) and incisal (IAC)). Three experimental FE models, including the IT model, were developed: LAC and IAC.

Methods: For every simulated model, one distinct radicular preparations was carried out of size #30/.04. The incisal edge was subjected to an occlusal cycle load of 120 N. The maximum von mises stresses (VMS), maximum principal stresses (MPS), and stress distribution patterns were assessed and calculated quantitatively.

Results: The traditional access design showed slightly higher fracture resistance to loading than the conservative incisal access cavity design.

Conclusion: Although the access cavity design affected the biomechanical behavior of the mandibular central incisor, the post endodontic restoration had the greater impact.

Physical properties and bioactivity of Aloe Vera modified tricalcium silicate-based cement

Heba SEIF , Ashraf M. ABU-SEIDA, Ahmed ELBANNA, Dalia I. EL-KORASHY — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: This study compares the physical properties and bioactivity of tricalcium silicate-based cement (Matreva MTA) modified with various concentrations of Aloe vera (AV) solutions and Bio dentine cement.

Methods: Sixty discs were prepared, and divided into 5 groups (12 discs each) based on the es timated materials: group I: Biodentine, group II: Matreva MTA, group III: Matreva MTA with 10% AV, group IV: Matreva MTA with 20% AV and group V: Matreva MTA with 30% AV. The flow and setting time were assessed following ISO standard 6876:2012 and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard C266-21, respectively. The in-vitro bioactivity was evaluated after 1, 14, and 28 days of immersion in Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) including pH, calcium ion release, and apatite formation. All data were statistically analyzed.

Results: Increasing the AV concentration added to Matreva MTA from 0 to 30% decreased the flow and setting time. Significant high mean pH and calcium ion release values were observed for 20 and 30% AV-modified Matreva MTA cement at 14 and 28 days (P≤ 0.05). Environmental scanning electron microscope/ energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (ESEM/EDX) analysis confirmed calci um phosphate nucleation on the surfaces of 20 and 30% AV-modified Matreva MTA cements after immersion in HBSS.

Conclusions: Addition of 20 and 30% AV solutions to Matreva MTA reduced the setting time and improved the handling characteristics as well as the in-vitro bioactivity, resembling the qualities of Biodentine. Both AV-modified Matreva MTA and Biodentine cements had extended alkalinizing activity and calcium ion release.

Clinical significance: AV-modified Matreva MTA can be considered a promising biomaterial for different endodontic applications.

Histological evaluation of pulp response to Pulpine NE versus Biodentine as direct pulp capping materials in a dog model

Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: The material used for pulp capping has a significant impact on the outcome of vital pulp therapy. This study compared the pulp tissue response to Pulpine NE versus Biodentine as direct pulp capping materials in a dog model.

Methods: Twenty-four teeth in two mongrel dogs (1-2-year-old) were used. In each dog (n=12 teeth), the dental pulps were exposed in 8 teeth (2 experimental groups, 4 teeth each) and left unexposed in 4 teeth (control group, n=4 teeth). A class V cavity was performed on the buccal sur face of the selected teeth in the experimental groups. The exposed pulps were capped either with Pulpine-NE (group I) or Biodentine (group II). Then, the cavities were restored with Riva resin modified glass ionomer filling material. One dog was euthanized at 14 days after pulp capping and the second dog was euthanized after 45 days. Histological analysis of the continuity of dentin bridge, tissue disorganization and inflammatory reaction were statistically analyzed.

Results: The results revealed that Biodentine exhibited statistically significant higher dentin bridge formation than Pulpine NE after 14 and 45 days (P<0.05). Pulpine NE showed significant higher tissue disorganization than Biodentine after 45 days (P=0.046). The number of inflammatory cells was significantly higher in Pulpine NE samples than that of the Biodentine samples after 15 days (P=0.042).

Conclusions: Pulpine NE was capable of inducing reparative dentin when used as a direct pulp capping material. Nevertheless, Biodentine showed more efficient dentin bridge formation, tissue organization and anti-inflammatory potential than Pulpine NE.

Evaluation of post operative pain after obturation using two different types of sealer: A randomized clinical trial

Sara Tarek Mohamed ALSAYED AMIN, Mohamed Medhat KATAIA , Hala FAYEK KHALIL — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of bioceramic and resin based sealers on postendodontic pain after endodontic treatment performed in single visit.

Methods: In this study, forty patients in need of endodontic therapy were chosen. single visit endodontic treatment was done for the patients but obturated using two different types of sealers: in Group 1: AH Plus sealer was used and in Group 2: EndoSequence BC sealer Hiflow was used. Post endodontic pain was measured for 12,24,48 and 72 hours postoperatively. Results: Both sealer groups’ post-endodontic pain levels did not significantly differ from one another.

Conclusions: Both AH Plus and Endosequence BC sealer Hiflow perform similarly in terms of the incidence and severity of postoperative pain in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP). Endodontics performed in a single visit can utilise any type of both sealers without worrying about pain following obturation.

Evaluation of oral health status and brushing habits in children with autism: a cross sectional study

Pooja YADAV, Nikhil MARWAH, Saket YADAV , Priyanka Sunil LEKHWANI — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a type of neurological development disease marked by difficulties in social interaction and communication, as well as repetitive behaviour. Sensory hypersensitivity to visual, auditory, olfactory, or gustatory stimuli has been linked to dental care issues in children with ASD. The purpose of this research is to assess the oral health and brushing behaviours of children with Autism.

Methods: In this study, 70 autistic children aged 3 to 9 years were chosen. The study was conducted into two parts: Questionnaire Survey & Oral Examination. The Questionnaire consisted of two components. The first component dealt with children’s brushing practises and oral health, while the second dealt with eating patterns and previous dental appointments. An oral examination was performed to determine the presence of dental caries.

Results: All the collected data is tabulated in MS-Excel. This data was transformed into SPSS 20.0 software for analysis. The frequency distribution was used to test frequencies of this study whereas association between study variables and types of brushing was done by using chi-square test. It was considered that p<0.05 at 95% CI. It was observed that children with autism using powered toothbrush showed lower caries incidence as compared to children using manual toothbrush.

Conclusions: Children with Autism need more supervised oral care & as the parental awareness is increasing though multi-disciplinary approaches there has been an improvement in oral health status due to less cariogenic diet and use of electric tooth brushes. For such special needs children, dental practitioners must highlight the need of frequent dental appointments and preventative measures.

Evaluation of soft and hard tissue changes around guided immediate implants in the esthetic area with immediate temporization: A Prospective Clinical and Radiological Pilot Study

Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: This study aimed to assess soft and hard tissue changes occurring 6 and 12 months after guided implant placement into extraction sockets and immediate temporization in the esthetic zone.

Methods: Eight patients requiring single immediate implant placement in the anterior mandible or maxilla were included in this study. A traumatic extractions were performed using ultrasonic instruments and implants were placed into extraction sockets following digitally guided surgery. Gap between implants and buccal bone plate was filled with allogeneic bone substitutes. Implants were immediately temporized with pre-prepared PMMA crowns. Cone Beam Computed Tomography and digital impressions were done pre-operatively, immediately following surgery and at 6 and 12 months and were used to compare hard and soft tissue retraction at these time points. Changes in buccal bone thickness at 0, 2 and 4mm from implant neck were measured using ITK-Snap software and soft tissue profile changes were measured using the Blue-Sky software. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance and one-sample t tests were conducted to analyze data.

Results: All eight implants were successfully osseointegrated. Mean buccal Bone thickness at implant neck level was 1.90mm after 12 months and at 2 and 4mm apical to the neck bone thickness was respectively 1.88 and 1.56mm. When comparing bone retraction at implant neck level at different time points, a statistically significant buccal bone thickness reduction of 0.56 ± 0.66mm was observed between 0 and 6 months (p=0.049), as well as a reduction of 0.32 ± 0.37mm between 6 and 12 months (p=0.046). However, at the 2 mm and 4 mm levels, no statistically significant reduction appeared in buccal bone thickness at 6 and 12 months (p>0.05). Soft tissue profile measured facing implant neck was significantly reduced by 0.45 ± 0.39mm (p=0.014) between 0 and 6 months, and by 0.52 ± 0.59mm between 6 and 12 months.

Conclusion: Immediate implant placement and temporization using digitally guided approach is a reliable technique in the esthetic area. Following gap grafting, minimal hard and soft tissue contour remodeling was observed with an optimal residual buccal bone thickness, allowing the maintenance of a stable emergence profile at 12 months.

Comparison of the failure between conventional PMMA and milled PMMA full arch maxillary interim prosthesis fixed on 4 implants: An In Vitro Study

Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Objectives: The principal objective of this study was to compare the failure load between the conventional heat polymerized PMMA and the CAD/CAM milled PMMA interim full arch implant prostheses. The secondary aim was to evaluate the success of the distal extension of the temporary PMMA prosthesis.

Methods: A metallic edentulous upper arch model with 4 Straumann screw-retained abutment digital analogs was used to create 15 specimens for each of the 2 groups: Conventional and milled. Failure load was measured on 5 different regions on the left and right side of each specimen with the YLE universal testing machine: Anterior, premolar, and molar.

Results: The maximum force supported before breaking was noted for each region (N). The medians of failure load were statistically analyzed. Significant differences were observed between the 2 groups and among each region in the 2 groups. The posterior cantilever was the weakest sector in both groups followed by the anterior then the premolar regions.

Conclusions: The interim milled PMMA prosthesis are a better choice due to their improved mechanical stability.

Nasoalveolar Molding: A rise in early management of newborn patient with cleft lip and palate

Reeya K. AGRAWAL , Pallavi DAIGAVANE , Amit RECHE — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Orofacial clefts are one of the most frequent congenital oral and maxillofacial abnormalities. When these babies are roughly three months old, lip rebuilding, also known as cheiloplasty, is a critical concern. In several cleft facilities, To improve the treatment success, presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding (NAM) has been included in the therapy protocol. In patients with cleft lip and palate, this technique is routinely used to bring the alveolar segments into normal alignment and improve nasal symmetry. In this article, the benefits of using this method as part of a treatment plan for infants with cleft lip and palate will be described. By gradually shifting the bone segments into a better suitable position, presurgical NAM can assist to lower the prevalence of the initial cleft deformity, reducing the extent of surgical correction essential to unite the lip parts and making nose surgery more straightforward. By use of presurgery ‘NAM’, surgical repairement of nose and lip is performed first with less effort which reduces formation of scar as well as improves cosmestic outcome. This method also helps to get the desire cosmetic outcome by removing the need of repeated surgical procedures.

Synopsis on the role of diode laser in root canal disinfection

Ashraf M. ABU-SEIDA, Mohamed M. N. EL-TAYEB , Elhassan HASSANEIN — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Effective root canal disinfection is necessary for success of endodontic treatment. Traditional chemo-mechanical techniques such as sodium hypochlorite, mechanical preparation and calcium hydroxide used for intracanal disinfection usually fail in cases of biofilm-related infections. Therefore, several new strategies are applied for root canal disinfection. One of these strategies is using of diode laser that has recently gained significant attention in the endodontic practice due to its antibacterial action, bio-stimulation, decrease of pain and improvement of success. Moreover, it has several advantages like its low cost, easily application, penetration power into dentine and smaller size device compared with other types of lasers. Diode laser has been applied for root canal disinfection with various degrees of success in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Nevertheless, small number of published randomized clinical trials in humans with small sample sizes and high heterogeneity provide insufficient support for its efficacy. Furthermore, the results of diode laser in root canal disinfection are controversial. Future high-quality studies are recommended to assess the effectiveness of diode laser on various microbial endodontic species and to confirm its role in disinfection of the root canal system in human teeth. This synopsis describes the current scientific understanding and the status of diode laser efficacy in root canal disinfection.

Pharmacological management of oral lesion

Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Oral ulcerations caused by aphthous lesions, leukoplakia, scarlet fever, syphilis, NOMA, mucormycosis herpetic lesions, candidiasis, discoid lupus erythematous, ulcerative lichen planus, mucous membrane pemphigoid, spongy nevus, oral submoucs fibrosis and pemphigus vulgaris are treated in a step-up fashion that may include topical, intralesional, and systemic pharmaceutical treatment. This page discusses the most often used therapy agents, methods, and dosages. Although the emphasis is on local pharmacologic therapy, systemic illnesses that frequently occur with such oral lesions are briefly discussed, as is the appropriate care.

Creating smiles with digital workflow and matrix transfer technique in customizing personality-based smile designing

Jahnavi Purna GORRIPATI, Surekha Dubey GODBOLE — Fri, 03 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: This report is a presentation of a clinical case that follows the Visagism concept for 2D planning and, CAD (Exo CAD) for 3D desiging along 3D printed diagnostic wax-up model for closure of anterior spacing.

Case presentation: A 24-year-old man presented with midline diastema and anterior spacing 11-13, 21-23 and wants a smile designed. This concern was solved following a smile design (VisagiSMile) planning digitally for diagnostic wax and printing a 3D model. The matrix transfer technique has been used to directly convey planned information from 3D-printed diagnostic wax-up to definitive restorations.

Conclusions: In this day and age, cosmetics and aesthetics are more important than ever. Everyone wants to have a great smile. The smile design has been made quite simple by DSD, which offers multiple benefits but also some drawbacks. The notion of a digital smile is a useful tool for visually expressing the patient’s problem. In addition to benefiting patients in visualising their treatment results, it enhances clinical diagnosis and planning.